All NCERT Scientists & Discoveries

By AK Vision Zone | Free NEET Study Material

👋 Welcome to AK Vision Zone! Agar aap NEET, JEE ya Board exams ki preparation kar rahe hain, toh aapko pata hoga ki Biology NCERT ke 'Scientists aur unki Discoveries' se har saal direct questions aate hain. Aapki quick revision ke liye humne Class 11th aur 12th ki poori NCERT se saare important scientists ki ek smart list taiyar ki hai. Niche diye gaye search box ka use karein aur apna revision fast aur easy banayein!
Class 11th Carolus Linnaeus
Binomial nomenclature
Class 11th Carolus Linnaeus
Used 'systema naturae' as the title of his publication
Class 11th Carolus Linnaeus
Two kingdom classification
Class 11th R.H. Whittaker(1969)
Five kingdom classification
Class 11th George Bentham and Joseph Dalton Hooker
Natural classification system
Class 11th Aristotle
The earliest to attempt a more scientific basis for classification
Class 11th Anton Von Leeuwenhook
First saw and described a live cell
Class 11th Dmitri Ivanowsky (1892)
Discovery of 'Virus'
Class 11th M.W. Beijerinek(1898)
Coined the term 'Virus'. Demonstrated that the extract of the infected plants of tobacco could cause infection in healthy plants and called the fluids as contagium vivum fluidium (infectious living fluid).
Class 11th W.M. Stanley(1935)
Showed that the virus could be crystallised and crystals contain largely of proteins
Class 11th T.O. Diener(1971)
Discovered 'viroids'
Class 11th Robert Brown
Discovered nucleus
Class 11th Matthias Schleiden (1838)
Examined plants and observed that all plants are composed of different kinds of cells which form tissues of plant
Class 11th Theodore Schwann (1839)
Studied different types of animal cells and reported that cells had a thin outer layer which is today known as the plasma membrane
Class 11th Schwann
Proposed the hypothesis that the bodies of animals and plants are composed of cells and product of cells
Class 11th Schleiden and Schwann
Formulated the cell theory
Class 11th Rudolf Virchow(1855)
Omnis cellulae-e-cellula(modified cell theory)
Class 11th Singer and Nicolson(1972)
Fluid mosaic model of plasma membrane
Class 11th Camillo Golgi(1898)
Discovered golgi apparatus
Class 11th George Palade(1953)
Observed ribosomes as dense particles under electron microscope
Class 11th Robert Brown(1831)
Describe nucleus as a cell organell
Class 11th Flemming
Gave the name 'chromatin' to the material of nucleus
Class 11th Joseph Priestley(1770)
Revealed the essential role of air in growth of plants
Class 11th Jen Ingenhousz(1730-1799)
Showed that the sunlight is essential to plant process
Class 11th Julius Von Sachs(1853)
Provided evidence for the production of glucose when plants grow
Class 11th T.W. Engelmann (1843-1909)
Described the first action spectrum of photosynthesis
Class 11th Blackman(1905)
Law of limiting factors
Class 11th Gustav Embden, Otto Mayerhoff, Parnas
Gave the scheme of 'glycolysis'
Class 11th F.W. Went
Isolated auxin from tip of coleoptiles of oat seedlings
Class 11th E. Kurosawa(1926)
Discovery of 'gibberelic acid'
Class 11th Charles Darwin and Francis Darwin
Observed that coleoptiles of canary grass responded to unilateral illumination by growing towards the light source
Class 11th F. Skoog and Co-workers
Observed that from internodal segments of tobacco stems, the callus proliferated only if, in addition to auxins the nutrients medium was supported with one of the following extract of vascular tissue, yeast extraxt, coconut milk or DNA
Class 11th Miller et al (1955)
Identified kinetin
Class 11th H.H. Cousins (1910)
Discovered Ethylene
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Class 12th Gregor Mendel (1856-1863)
Laws of Inheritance
Class 12th Hugo de Vries, Correns and Von Tschermark
Rediscovered Mendel's results
Class 12th Walter Sutton and Theodore Boveri (1962)
Proposed chromosomal theory of inheritance
Class 12th Thomas Hunt Morgan
Experimental verification of the chromosomal theory of inheritance
Class 12th Langdon Down (1866)
Described Down's syndrome
Class 12th Fredrich Miescher (1869)
Identified DNA as an acidic substance in the nucleus of a cell
Class 12th James Watson and Francis Crick(1953)
Proposed double helical structure of DNA
Class 12th Erwin Chargaff
Ratios b/w adenine and thymine and guanine and cytosine are constant and equals one
Class 12th Frederick Griffith (1928)
Transforming principle (Streptococcus Pneumoniae)
Class 12th Oswald Avery, Colin Macleod and Maclyn McCarthy (1933-44)
Biochemical characterisation of Transforming principle
Class 12th Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase (1952)
Experimentally proved that the genetic material is DNA(worked with bacteriophages)
Class 12th Watson and Crick (1953)
Proposed 'semi-conservative nature of DNA replication'
Class 12th Matthew Meselson and Franklin Stahl (1958)
Experimental proof for 'semi-conservative nature of DNA replication'
Class 12th George Gamow
Genetic code
Class 12th Har Gobind Khurana
Developed chemical method to synthesise RNA molecules with defined combination of bases (homopolymers and copolymers)
Class 12th Marshall Nirenberg
Developed cell-free system for protein synthesis
Class 12th Francois Jacob and Jacque Monod
Gave the concept of Lac Operon
Class 12th Alec Jeffreys
DNA fingerprinting
Class 12th Early Greek Thinkers
Theory of 'panspermia'
Class 12th Louis Pasteur
Life came from pre-existing life
Class 12th Oparin and Haldane
Proposed 'chemical evolution of life'
Class 12th S.L. Miller
Experimental proof for 'chemical evolution'
Class 12th Charles Darwin
Based on observations made during a sea voyage in a sail ship (H.M.S. Beagle) concludes that existing life forms share similarities not only among themselves but also with life forms that existed millions of years ago
Class 12th Charles Darwin
Natural selection and 'survival of the fittest'
Class 12th Alfred Wallace
Co-developed 'theory of natural selection' with Darwin
Class 12th Ernst Haeckel
Embryological support for evolution
Class 12th Karl Ernst Von Baer
Disapproved 'embryological support for evolution'
Class 12th Lamarck
Proposed that 'evolution of life forms is driven by use and disuse of organs'
Class 12th Thomas Malthus
His work on 'populations' influenced darwin
Class 12th Hugo de Vries
Worked on 'Evening Primrose' to put forth the idea of mutations (mutation caused speciation)
Class 12th Hardy-Weinberg
Proposed that frequency of occurrence of alleles of a gene or a locus remain fixed and same through generations
Class 12th Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer (1972)
Constructed the 'first recombinant DNA'
Class 12th Eli Lily (1983)
Synthesised human insulin
Class 12th Robert May
Placed the global species diversity at about 7 million
Class 12th Alexander von humboldt
Species Area Relationship
Class 12th Paul ehrlich
Rivet Popper hypothesis
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